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Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants exposed to water deficit during ripening show altered agronomic and grain quality characteristics. Drought causes yield losses and seasonal variation in quality creating difficulties in the marketing and processing of grain, so improving the genetic adaptation of wheat cultivars to drought stress is an important objective in breeding programs. Some genotypes have...
The influence of mycorrhiza with Hebeloma crustuliniforme on plant growth, leaf water potential, leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll content in 3 poplar varieties (P. petrowskyana, P. deltoides cv. Plantierens, P. balsamifera) were investigated. After 11 weeks of plant growth mycorrhizal structures (frequency of mycorrhiza - FF%, intensity of the mycorrhizal colonization - MC% were observed in plant...
The interaction of epibrassinolide (epiBL) with gibberellins (GA3 and GA4+7) in tulip stem growth were studied. When stem length was about 10.0 cm, excision of all leaves and flower bud almost fully inhibited the stem growth in tulips. Epibrassinolide (epiBL) applied at a concentration of 100 nM or 300 nM did not induce tulip stem growth. The application of GA3 or GA4+7 at the concentration of 250...
Urban environments create unfavourable conditions for tree growth, particularly for street trees, thus, the selection of tree species to severe growth conditions tolerance is of high importance. In our research, the chlorophyll a fluorescence technique was applied to monitor the physiological state of young trees of 8 species and cultivars growing in a street environment in Warsaw. Trees growing 2-3...
The content of total lipids and lipofuscins was determined in leaves of S. latifolium aerial-aquatic and terrestrial plants at the flowering and fruiting phases. There were no significant differences in the lipid total content between aerial-aquatic and terrestrial plants at the flowering phase. At the fruiting phase, the lipid content was lower in terrestrial plants. Lipofuscins, the so-called senescence...
The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of selenium ions on the changes in membrane permeability for K and Ca in the leaves of rape during cadmium stress. The of stress level was determined by changes in the mass increment and lipid peroxidation (MDA concentration) in 3-week-old seedlings cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog [1962] medium (control) and on medium containing 600 µМ CdCl2...
Submersed leaves of Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton perfoliatus, and P. pectinatus were studied by the method of the transmission electron microscopy. Ultrastructural analysis of leaf epidermis of the three hygrophyte species showed the presence of some peculiarities of leaf epidermis, in particular, the presence of chloroplasts with very well developed grana structure, three-layered structure...
A pot study was conducted in net house to determine the influence of hormonal priming kinetin (50 mg·dm-3), salicylic acid (50 mg·dm-3), spermine (50 mg·dm-3) and spermidine (50 mg·dm-3) on emergence, yield, antioxidants and ionic content of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars SARC-1 (salt tolerant) and MH-97 (salt sensitive) under normal and saline conditions. The growth of wheat plants was...
Festuca arundinacea (Fa) is one of the most drought-tolerant species within the Lolium-Festuca complex. In the current work the protein level of chloroplastic Cu-Zn SOD (superoxide dismutase) in two Fa plants with extreme values of drought tolerance during exposition to water deficit was investigated. The obtain results revealed higher level of enzyme accumulation in more drought-tolerant Fa genotype...
It is a common opinion that main challenge for plant production is to cope with environmental stresses, both abiotic and biotic. Although biostimulator Asahi SL has been used for years to improve plant status and obtain possibly the highest and best quality yield, especially under conditions unfavourable for plant cultivation, its mode of action is still not understood. In this work the effect of...
The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of spectral composition of irradiation (white - WL or white supplemented by blue radiation - WBL) and ozone on chlorophyll content and the optical properties of broccoli leaves (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis cymosa). Broccoli leaves were injured by the ozone dose applied (70 ppb, 6 hours daily) mainly under WBL. Leaf lamina damage was much...
Winter hardiness of plants is limited mainly due to sensibility to Iow temperature and winter fungus damages. Snow mould is a disease that affects many species of winter cereals, turf and forage grasses. In Poland it is caused mainly by the common and economically important fungal pathogen Microdochium nivale causing pink snow mould, destructive disease of seedlings, stem bases and ears. The aim of...
Flooding of the soil induces stomata to close within a few hours decreasing a potential damage of leaves which would otherwise occur because of a decrease of root hydraulic conductivity. The signals triggering these shoot responses have not been fully identified but could include changes in hormone transport from roots to shoots as their synthesis and xylem loading are altered. The present research...
The quantity of the crop plant pests have to be under control. A defense against pest organisms with toxic chemicals has been the prevailing pest control strategy for over 50 years. However, plants were found to possess insecticidal properties. Several essential oils act as antifeedants, deterrents and repellents. Essential oils are products of the secondary metabolism in plants. They are mixtures...
In this study two sowing date in years 2007-08 (1 November as normal sowing date and 1 January as late sowing date) were used. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence, membrane thermo-stability, gas exchange parameters and carbohydrates content in two wheat cultivars (Dena as durum wheat and Roshan as bread wheat) at post- anthesis stage were recorded. Acquired thermo-tolerance showed significant...
A field experiment was carried out at the Research Station of Eghlid-Azad University Iran in two years (2007 and 2008), based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Three saline irrigation water treatments: 1 control, 6 and 12 dS·m-1 were arranged as main plots and three hull-less barley cultivar (U46M, GIZA 129 and PV110) were used as subplots. The measured parameters were...
The aim of the studies was to determine changes in the vigour of seeds of three spring triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.) cultivars with various sprouting damages occurring during storage. It was found that the changes in vigour indices are mostly affected by sprouting damage and storage time, as well as by the interaction of these factors. The greatest significant reduction in the length of leaves...
In this experiment a few physiological characters were measured in order to show differences in leaf water potential (Ψ), chlorophyll content (SPAD) and chlorophyll a fluorescence (F0, FM, FV, FV/FM) between leaves differing in age of 3 poplar cultivars inoculated with H. crustuliniforme. In control plants (non-inoculated) differences in water potential and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters between...
The distribution and content of calcium ions in organelles, cytoplasm and celi walls of leaf mesophyll and epidermis of Sium latifolium air-water and terrestrial plants at various developmental stage was investigated. It was established that the relative content of Ca2+ in cells changed in relation to growth stage and environmental growth conditions. Moderate water deficit led to the increase of calcium...
Pszenicę ozimą uprawiano w wazonach Mitscherlicha. Pierwszym czynnikiem doświadczenia był nawóz azotowy: saletra amonowa (bez S) i czteromocznikan siarczanu wapnia (zawierający S), a czynnikiem drugim - dawka azotu: 0,8, 1,6 i 2,4 g N·wazon-1. Rośliny zbierano w trzech fazach rozwojowych, oznaczano ich masę oraz wykonano analizy chemiczne na zawartość: N, P, K i S. Stwierdzono, że deficyt siarki spowodował...
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